The Seed Keeper by Diane Wilson

This book has three perspectives--one is keeping true to the traditions of your culture as a way to re-anchor yourself, the second is incorporating American Indian values of respecting the earth, our only potential home, in the era of climate change butting heads with corporate greed, and the last is an interesting way to portray the effects of generational trauma. These elements weave together in the story of Rosalie Iron Wing, a Dakhóta woman whom we first meet during a major turning point in her life. Wilson, who is herself Dakhóta, composes a narrative that moves back and forth in time, filling in Rosalie’s backstory and family history. During these movements through time, we meet Marie Blackbird, Rosalie’s great-great-grandmother. Marie describes running from US Indian Agents who, among other things, took children away from their families and placed them in boarding schools to convert them to Christianity. Rosalie is, body and mind, a product of the transgressions and violations her family and the Dakhóta have endured, from the loss of their lands to the loss of their traditional food and their children. This book asserts that much of the past does not go away, but continues to exist in the present. It details the way history runs through the bloodstream, through the DNA, through the bones, through the water, and through the land, affecting every life that steps forward into the present. We primarily experience this idea through the eyes of the Dakhóta, but during one scene, Rosalie’s white husband, John, takes her to see a monument commemorating the Sioux Indian War of 1862, one of the many events that transformed and devastated Rosalie’s family—but also John’s family. I did not like the time travel in this, skipping between times throughout the book--I find it a little dizzying, especially when it is all over the place and not just two time periods, but overall would recommend.

We The People by Jill Lepore

This is it, the exhaustive look back at the US Constitution--well, not so exhaustive that it starts with the Magna Carta, and at no point does the author go back to what had happened in England that led up to England's colony rising up and breaking away--she really starts at the post war Constitutional Convention, and how we ended up with the mish mash that we got. The U.S. Constitution is among the oldest constitutions in the world—and one of the most difficult to amend. At what cost? In this landmark, lavishly illustrated book, Harvard professor of history and law Jill Lepore argues that the philosophy of amendment is foundational to American constitutionalism. Challenging both originalism and the Supreme Court’s monopoly on constitutional interpretation, Lepore argues that the framers never intended for the Constitution to be kept, like a butterfly, under glass, but instead expected that future generations would be forever tinkering with it, improving the machinery of government. The argument against "originalism" is the best part of the book, where she refers to to the writers of the constituion said about it at the time--and that the Federalist Papers were published in a newspaper well after the constitution, and were not even generally available until the last 20th century. These originalists just basically made that all up and nobody fact checked them. At the 250th anniversary of the nation’s founding and in an account as radical as Charles Beard’s An Economic Interpretation of the United States, Lepore offers a sweeping, lyrical, and democratic constitutional history, telling the stories of generations of Americans who have attempted everything from abolishing the Electoral College to guaranteeing environmental rights, hoping to mend America by amending its Constitution.

The Fate Of The Day by Rick Atkinson

I read a review of this book that the writer had been reading this author's military histories for years and years--and maybe that was because they took years and years to come out. I had to laugh because this is meant to be the middle book of a trilopy but took over 5 years to be published after the first, and hope he manages to get through the third! Always seems like you should be pretty close to having it in the bag if tou announce how mant there will ultimately be. In any case, this volume covers 1777 to 1780 and goes through the uncertain future of the Revolution as the American Colonials faced defeat after defeat, super-cold winters (including one that could be said to have almost ended the rebellion at Valley Forge in 1777-78), and an ineffective Congress. In these middle years of the war, only a fateful victory at Saratoga, and the ill-fated occupation (and then withdrawal from) Philadelphia by the British, lifted American hopes that the British could actually be defeated. Otherwise, money shortages, shortages of ammunition and supplies, and deserting troops made American defeat very possible. The reader gets the sense of how back and forth the momentum was, how many mercenary soldiers were employed, and how tenuous the rebel position was. There are no whitewashes, and George Washington is presented as a troubled and flawed figure who wasn’t always the best general but who was doing as much as he could to bring the army together when he didn’t get much support from Congress. Other figures, both American and British, are given fresh looks. Nobody is a complete angel or devil. Instead, these figures are three-dimensional people with their own sides being presented as well as how others viewed them. Atkinson also doesn’t shy away from the darker areas of American history. Slavery and how slaves took part on both the American and British side, are well-represented in a clear fashion. Native Americans mostly fight with the British and the reasons why are fleshed out--and may have fueled future conflicts. Overall, this is very much a military description of this time period, with interesting back stories fleshed out but are not at the center of the story. Brace yourself, there is a lot of carnage.

Valiant Ambition by Nathaniel Philbrick

In the vein of "possibly more than you could possibly want to know about a particular person" and yet also learn very close to nothing at all about a subject, this would be the book for you. The biggest surprise for anyone who picks up this book is that surprisingly little of it describes the interactions between Washington and Arnold, despite the subtitle. Apparently they weren’t that frequent and the two men have very little contact during the first half of the book. Unfortunately for me and anyone who is less than interested meticulously researched historical pageants describing battle after battle in the Revolutionary War, maps and all, there is an abundance of this and not much in the way of summation or analysis. The author is sympathetic to Arnold's plight, cognizant of his short comings and does a good job drawing an understandable and believable picture of what went right and what went very wrong for him as the war progressed. As to the fate of the American Revolution, there are a number of statements in the prologue that are not backed up within the book, at least to my ear, and overall I was disappointed. I did just read Richard Atkinson's 'The Fate of the Day", which is a far better chronicle of much of this time, so hindered by that. Do not be daunted by the length of the book--close to half the total pages come after the epilogue. I was reading an e-book, and had to reassure myself it would not last the full 500+ pages.

Born In Flames by Bench Ansfield

I was really surprised by the story that this book tells--which is really about my naivete and lack of education rather than that it is surprising. This is the first book by a historian who debuts with a riveting and meticulous chronicle of the wave of arsons-for-profit that burned through America’s cities in the 1970s. The book focuses on the Bronx, which notoriously lost around 20% of its housing stock, though they argue that the borough is more of an example of a lesser-known arson epidemic that devastated neighborhoods of color across the country. Dispelling the racist myth that residents set the fires themselves, the author traces the confluence of financial factors that motivated absentee landlords to burn their neglected, deteriorating properties. These factors included high-cost, low-coverage state-sponsored insurance policies that debuted following the racial uprisings of the 1960s (when insurance companies abandoned riot-affected areas); insurance companies’ newfound practice of investing customer premiums for profit, which further inflated premiums to astronomical heights; and city budget cuts that decimated the FDNY. They chronicle not just the landlords who profited but also the tenants who, as they tracked the conflagrations’ block-by-block progress, fearfully went to bed with their shoes on; some were even burned out of more than one apartment. The book also unearths the tenant-organized activism, in collaboration with local officials and even some of the insurance companies themselves, that finally ended the fires. The result is an outstanding exposé of the predatory capitalist machinations behind the “Bronx is burning” saga. This is not so much a page turner as a book that raises the level of awareness of exactly how bad slum lords treated their tenants and how they maximized profits.

An Unfinished Love Story by Doris Kearns Goodwin

This is a detailed review of the 1960's through the eyes and experience of the author and her husband, who recently died. Let me start by saying that while I did not love this book, most people I know who have read it did. The author is an excellent writer, and her husband of 40 plus years and she had non-overlapping but equally impressive careers that involved the presidents for a bulk of the decade, so it is an intimate look behind the scenes at government in action at a time of great change for the country. My first bone to pick with this is the title--this may have been motivated by trying to tell a story about the love of your life, but that is not at all what it is. It is a recounting of the Kennedy and Johnson presidencies from the inside. Dick Goodwin worked with the Kennedy campaign, and then within the White House as Kennedy's speech writer, but also spearheading some of the major public policy projects of the Kennedy administration. There are some fascinating behind-the-scenes insights and observations that are definitely one of a kind perspectives. She went through her husband's voluminous boxes of memorabilia from this era to write this book, and she did so while he was alive, so he could both comment on an clarify as she developed and evaluated the material for the book, and the uniqueness of that comes through clearly. I would recommend it and I might have liked it better if I hadn't just read Robert Caro's The Passage of Power, which minutely covers this era as well.

The British Are Coming by Rick Atkinson

This book is the first of a trilogy to go step by step through the Revolutionary War, this volume covering 1775-1777. What it does not do is the preambe, what exactly happened over time that led to open defiance of the British, mostly in New England, but also in the Southern states when slavery was threatened. The South couldn't survive without it. What it does do is walk through the decisions made once there was war and what their consequences were. This is not the good part if you are an American, and it doesn't reflect well for the British either. It is a book full of mistakes that were made. The first two years of the Revolutionary War harrowing. New England’s early fights at Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill receive fresh attention. But lesser-known engagements at Moore’s Creek, Great Bridge, and Sullivan’s Island were watershed events. Such Patriot victories proved to be crushing setbacks to the King’s cause in the southern colonies, ensuring that the region would remain largely untouched by the war until 1780. Then there is America’s ill-fated attempt to wrest Canada from British control.. This is given lengthy attention here (really, that characterizes much of the book--brace yourself if you are looking for the Cliff Notes version). The entire campaign was a major undertaking during the first critical year of the war, but with the hindsight of over two centuries, it’s apparent that the affair was ill conceived, poorly supplied and, ultimately, badly led. The effort likewise siphoned tremendous resources and manpower from the Continental Army at a time when it could ill afford such diminution of its strength. British efforts would be narrowly focused in the north, and led to a year of disaster for the Patriot cause. From the pages of Atkinson’s book, George Washington clearly emerges as the “indispensable man” of the Revolution, but a commander who nonetheless faced an embarrassing string of battlefield drubbings subsequent to the British invasion of New York during the summer of 1776. After the near collapse of the Continental Army – and the Patriot war effort – during the retreat across New Jersey, Washington gambled big, and won, during his desperate attacks on Crown detachments at Trenton and Princeton. Atkinson’s closing chapters offer a riveting account of the legendary winter campaign that turned the tide of the war.

The United States Governed by Six Hundred Thousand Despots by John Swanson Jacobs

The story behind this publication is in some ways cooler than the book itself and perfect for Juneteenth. Schroeder, who wrote the biography of the author that is included in this publication, is a literary historian, and he knew the story of Harriet Jacobs, the abolitionist who famously wrote about her life and abuse while enslaved, her secret relationship with a white politician and her escape to freedom in the 1800s. Schroeder searched a database of historical documents for details on Harriet's son. He wasn't getting far, so he tried another search term focused on Harriet's brother, Johnathan S. Jacobs. That is how he stumbled upon an autobiography by John Swanson Jacobs, first published in Australia in 1855 and largely lost to time - until now. Six hundred thousand despots is a reference to the number of slave owners in the U.S. at the time. John Swanson Jacobs was born in 1815 in Edenton, N.C., and he was born a sixth-generation slave. Today, he's a footnote in the life of his older sister, Harriet Jacobs, who is the best-known Black female author of the 19th century. He was an abolitionist in the U.S. and U.K. He was a gold miner in California and Australia. He was a sailor on four oceans and four continents. And he was an expat for nearly all of his free life. He had become a gold miner after the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act in 1850. He left the U.S. for California, and then for Australia, which was going through its own gold rush at the same time as America's gold rush. And he eventually struck it rich or at least did well in the Australian gold rush. And that gave him a rare moment of time off from the kind of labor that dominated most of his life to go to Sydney and to finish the life story that he had begun practicing in the 1840s as an abolitionist in William Lloyd Garrison's Boston and Frederick Douglass' Rochester. This is a recreation of his autobiography, and then a biography of what we know about him now with the help of time.

Challenger by Adam Higginbotham

I read a review of this book which described it as "exhaustively researched" which is my overwhelming reaction to this. It is the telling of a tragedy, one that was widely seen as it unfolded, and one that shaped public opinion of NASA going forward. It is in some ways a hard story to tell because we know the end before we start, so it might be tempting to weave the ending into the story of how it happened, but that is not how this author rolls. He somewhat grimly marches forward in a linear way through the story, getting better acquainted with the astronauts on that ill fated flight than we might have previously been, and even delving into some of the history of the addition of women and people of color to the astronaut program that might not have been known (I read The Six, so had in depth knowledge of that era, but it is an excellent push back on the "unqualified" moniker that is being asserted in the United States in 2025). I found myself dreading the inevitable conclusion, and read quickly to get to it rather than savoring the journey--which is true to form for me, and might not be the norm, but this was a bit of a hard read for me.

Vietnam: A History by Stanley Karnow

My spouse and I listened to this exhaustive history of the Vietnam War. Stanley Karnow was a journalist for a lot of reputable news organizations throughout the lead up to our involvement in Vietnam and well beyond the conclusion, and he examines in minute detail the history of Vietnam before the French colonized it, and then the history of what happened when France was there--which leaves no doubt as to why the Vietnamese would want out from under the French, who then proceeded to get the US involved by providing aid, and finally boots of the ground soldiers. Every single assessment of the South Vietnam government was that it was corrupt and incompetent, without the will to defeat the nationalist movement from the north, and unable to hold any appeal to the people. Every US president understood clearly that we would not be able to defeat the North Vietnamese Army nor the Viet Cong. They understood that bombing was not going to work, and they knew they were in a no win situation. And yet. Onward they went, unable to step away, unable to admit what they had seen from the very beginning, and all those soldiers, most of them barely out of high school, who went blindly into that war. This should be required reading for anyone in the upper echelon's of government who thinks they can solve a problem with brute force, mostly alone, but mixed in with some lying and cheating and hoping they won't remember that part. It is a sad story with a sad start, a sad middle, and a sad ending.

Savannah Cotton Exchange

It is very hard for me to be in the American South and to enjoy the history around me because so much of it is tied directly to slavery. This building was built in 1887, so after the Civil War, and was embarked upon because Savannah was the leading exporter of cotton in the United States and second in the world. Prior to the Revolutionary War, cotton was imported from the West Indies through trade within the British Empire, which decreased after America gained independence and tried to achieve economic autonomy. The need to find industries to support Georgia’s economy after the war was the first catalyst pushing cotton towards becoming a major Georgia crop. Georgians found that long-staple cotton fibers could easily be separated from its seeds, but it only grew on the coast. Short-staple cotton grew inland but separating the seeds from the fibers was labor intensive, increasing the cost of production. The patent of Eli Whitney’s cotton gin in 1794 allowed cotton plantations to spread further from the coast to grow short staple cotton. The lucrative cash crop also increased the heavy dependence on slave labor by cotton-producing states and directly tied those states to the slave economy. The cotton gin became popularized just before the Creek War, which resulted in a massive loss of Creek Indian lands in western Georgia and Alabama. The Creek’s loss of land allowed more people to venture west and become part of Georgia’s profitable cotton industry by managing their own cotton plantations (that were heavily dependent on enslaved labor) in the newly acquired lands. Soon settlers began turning their sights to northern Georgia, where the Cherokee Indians resided, setting the stage for Georgia’s, and the cotton industry’s, expansion into northern regions of Georgia. So cotton was emblematic of both financial success and subjugation.